AlpHa Measurement Solutions |
Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISE) in Drinking Water
ISE in Drinking Water
Monitoring and controlling specific ion strengths at multiple stages along the drinking water production process ensures the final product is safe for consumption. Ion-selective electrodes (ISE) are commonly used to address specific issues related to drinking water production and community water quality.
- Fluoride is added to promote healthy teeth. However, higher concentrations can cause skeletal fluorosis.
- Lead can be released into drinking water from corrosion in water distribution systems. Monitoring lead is critical as even low levels (ppb) is hazardous to human health.
- Water hardness, also referred to as total calcium and magnesium, is routinely monitored to prevent health issues. High levels of water hardness can dissolve the zinc protective layer in galvanized pipes resulting in leaching of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, etc.).
| Ion-Selective Electrode | Range @ 25°C | Technology Type | Temp. Range | Warranty |
| Ammonia (NH3) | 0.01 – 17,000 ppm as NH3 | Gas Sensing | 0 – 50°C | 12 Months |
| Ammonium (NH4+) | 0.1 – 14,000 ppm as N | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Bromide (Br-) | 0.2 – 79,900 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Cadmium (Cd2+) | 0.01 – 11,200 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Calcium (Ca2+) | 0.5 – 40,100 ppm | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Carbon Dioxide (CO2) | 4.4 – 440 ppm | Gas Sensing | 0 – 50°C | 12 Months |
| Chloride (Cl-) | 1.8 – 35,000 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Copper (Cu2+) | 0.064 – 6,400 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Cyanide (CN-) | 0.2 – 260 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Fluoride (F-) | 0.02 – 19,000 ppm | Solid State Crystal | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Fluoroborate (BF4-) | Varies | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Iodide (I-) | 0.01 – 127,000 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Lead (Pb2+) | 0.2 – 20,700 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Lithium (Li+) | 0.2 – 10,000 ppm | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Magnesium (Mg2+) | 0.1 – 30,000 ppm | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Nitrate (NO3-) | 0.1 – 14,000 ppm as N | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) | Varies | Gas Sensing | 0 – 50°C | 12 Months |
| Perchlorate (ClO4-) | Varies | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Potassium (K+) | 0.04 – 39,000 ppm | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Silver (Ag+) | 0.01 – 107,900 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Sulfide (S2-) | 0.01 – 32,100 ppm | Solid State Pellet | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Sodium (Na+) | 0.01 – 100,000 ppm | Sensing Glass | 0 – 80°C | 12 Months |
| Surfactant (X+ / X-) | Varies | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
| Water Hardness (Ca2+ / Mg2+) | 0.5 – 40,000 ppm | PVC Membrane | 0 – 40°C | 6 Months |
- Form Factor
- 12 mm
- Process Body
- Cartridge
- Custom Options Available
- Housing Material Options
- Glass
- Ryton® (PPS)
- ABS
- Epoxy
- Polycarbonate
- Kynar® (PVDF)
- Polyethylene
- PEEK
- PVC / CPVC
- Teflon™ (PTFE)
- Ultem® (PEI)
- Custom Options Available
- Thermistor Options
- Not commonly integrated, however, optional per design requirements
- Reference System
- Ag / AgCl
- Custom Options Available
- Reference Junction Options
- Single Junction
- Double Junction
- Custom Options Available
- Reference Junction Material / Design
- Ceramic Pin / Annular / Disc
- Fiber / Pellon
- Open Aperture
- Porous Plastic (PTFE / HDPE / PP)
- Sleeve Junction / Free Flow (liquid / liquid or ground glass joint)
- Solid State
- Custom Options Available
- Reference Electrolyte
- Sealed
- Soft Gel
- Solid Gel
- Refillable
- Liquid
- Soft Gel
- Custom Options Available
- Sealed
- Integrated Insertions
- PG 13.5
- 3/4" NPT
- 1/2" NPT
- 1" NPT
- Custom Options Available
- Analog
- Millivolts
- 0 – 5 V
- 0 – 10 V
- 4 – 20 mA
- Custom Options Available
- Digital
- RS-485 MODBUS RTU
- Custom Options Available
- Connectors
- Integrated Connectors (detachable or cableless)
- S7
- S8
- Integrated BNC
- Variopin
- Custom Options Available
- Connectors with Cables (including temperature)
- BNC
- DIN
- MOLEX
- Tinned Leads
- Mil-spec
- 2.5 mm / 3.5 mm phono
- RCA
- Spade Lugs
- LEMO
- Circular Connectors
- Any commercially available connectors and custom options available
- Integrated Connectors (detachable or cableless)
